The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) is responsible for implementing and enforcing the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and its associated regulations, the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) Chapter 173-303. This chapter defines hazardous waste and establishes requirements for generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs). A key aspect of these regulations is the identification of hazardous waste, which involves both listing specific wastes and characterizing wastes based on their properties. Wastes are considered hazardous if they are listed by Ecology or if they exhibit one or more hazardous characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. The toxicity characteristic is determined through the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), as outlined in WAC 173-303-110. If a waste exhibits any of these characteristics or is specifically listed, it is subject to the full regulatory requirements of Chapter 173-303 WAC. The management standards for these wastes are tiered, with more stringent requirements for certain categories. For instance, wastes classified as “extremely hazardous” or those failing TCLP for specific constituents at certain concentrations receive heightened regulatory attention. The regulatory framework aims to protect human health and the environment by ensuring proper management of hazardous substances from generation to final disposal. Understanding the criteria for hazardous waste identification, including the specific parameters and thresholds for characteristic hazardous wastes, is fundamental for compliance.

The Washington State Department of Ecology’s regulations, specifically Chapter 173-303 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC), govern hazardous waste management. This chapter defines hazardous waste and outlines requirements for generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs). When a waste exhibits characteristics of dangerousness (e.g., ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity) or is listed as dangerous, it falls under the purview of WAC 173-303. The state’s regulations are largely harmonized with the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), but Washington can and does implement stricter standards. A generator’s responsibility includes determining if their waste is hazardous, obtaining an EPA identification number if required, managing the waste according to accumulation time limits and container standards, and ensuring proper shipment to a permitted facility. The concept of “cradle-to-grave” management is central, meaning the generator remains responsible for the waste even after it leaves their site until it is properly managed at a permitted facility. The scenario describes a facility in Washington generating a waste that meets the criteria for a dangerous waste under WAC 173-303. The generator must adhere to the specific requirements for dangerous waste generators, which include proper container management, labeling, accumulation time limits, and manifesting for off-site shipment. The question probes the fundamental obligation of a generator when producing a dangerous waste in Washington State.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) regulates hazardous waste management under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and the associated regulations, Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). This chapter defines criteria for identifying hazardous wastes, including characteristics such as ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity, as well as specific listed wastes. Generators of hazardous waste are subject to requirements based on the amount of hazardous waste they produce per month. These generator categories are crucial for determining the specific management standards, record-keeping, and reporting obligations. Small quantity generators (SQGs) are defined as those who generate between 100 and 1,000 kilograms of hazardous waste per month, or less than 1 kilogram of acutely hazardous waste per month. Large quantity generators (LQGs) generate 1,000 kilograms or more of hazardous waste per month, or more than 1 kilogram of acutely hazardous waste per month. Very small quantity generators (VSQGs) generate 100 kilograms or less of hazardous waste per month, or less than 1 kilogram of acutely hazardous waste per month. The regulatory framework aims to ensure that hazardous waste is managed in a manner that protects public health and the environment. Understanding these generator categories is fundamental to compliance with Washington’s hazardous waste regulations, as it dictates the stringency of applicable rules. For instance, the accumulation time limits and personnel training requirements differ significantly between generator categories. The specific threshold for classifying a facility as a large quantity generator in Washington State is based on the monthly generation of hazardous waste.

The Washington State Department of Ecology, under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70A.303), regulates the generation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. A key aspect of this regulation involves the classification and management of wastes based on their characteristics and potential for harm. The question probes the understanding of when a waste material, which might not be explicitly listed as hazardous, becomes subject to the stringent requirements of the state’s hazardous waste program. This determination hinges on whether the waste exhibits any of the hazardous characteristics defined in Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303. These characteristics include ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. If a waste exhibits any of these characteristics, it is classified as a dangerous waste, irrespective of whether it appears on a specific list. The scenario presented involves a solid waste generated from a manufacturing process that is not explicitly listed in the WAC 173-303 dangerous waste regulations. However, the crucial factor for regulatory applicability is the inherent properties of the waste. If laboratory analysis or knowledge of the process indicates that the waste exhibits a characteristic of danger, such as leaching toxic constituents above regulatory thresholds when subjected to a standardized test like the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), it must be managed as a dangerous waste. Therefore, the correct determination is that the waste becomes regulated as dangerous waste if it exhibits any of the defined characteristics of danger, as per WAC 173-303-090.

The Washington State Department of Ecology defines a hazardous waste generator based on the quantity of hazardous waste produced per month. Specifically, a large quantity generator (LQG) is a generator who generates 1,000 kilograms (kg) or more of hazardous waste in any single month, or who accumulates 1,000 kg or more of hazardous waste at any time, or who generates 1 kilogram (kg) or more of acute hazardous waste in any single month. A small quantity generator (SQG) generates more than 100 kg but less than 1,000 kg of hazardous waste per month. An exception generator generates 100 kg or less of hazardous waste per month. The scenario describes a facility that generates 950 kg of hazardous waste in January and 1,100 kg in February. Since the facility generated 1,100 kg in February, which exceeds the 1,000 kg threshold for a single month, it qualifies as a large quantity generator for that month. The question asks about the generator status in February. Therefore, the facility is a large quantity generator in February. The key principle here is that a generator’s status can fluctuate based on monthly generation quantities, and the highest classification achieved in any month dictates their regulatory requirements for that period. This is crucial for compliance, as it mandates adherence to the most stringent standards when the generation threshold is met. Understanding these thresholds is fundamental to correctly managing hazardous waste in Washington State, ensuring proper storage, transportation, and disposal practices are followed to protect human health and the environment.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) manages hazardous waste under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (Chapter 70.105 RCW) and the associated regulations, primarily Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). This regulation defines hazardous waste and establishes requirements for its generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal. A key aspect of these regulations is the identification and management of wastes that exhibit specific characteristics of hazardousness or are listed as hazardous. Characteristic wastes are defined by their properties, such as ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. Wastes are also classified as hazardous if they are specifically listed by Ecology or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The generator is responsible for determining if their waste is hazardous. This determination involves consulting the WAC, specifically the criteria for characteristic hazardous wastes and the lists of hazardous wastes. If a waste exhibits any of the characteristic criteria or is listed, it must be managed according to the stringent requirements of WAC 173-303. The question asks about the primary regulatory framework governing hazardous waste in Washington State. This framework is established by the state’s Hazardous Waste Management Act and its implementing regulations, which are found in the Washington Administrative Code. Specifically, Chapter 173-303 WAC details the classification, management, and disposal of hazardous wastes within the state, aligning with but also potentially exceeding federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) standards where Washington has authorized programs. Therefore, understanding the role of WAC 173-303 in defining and regulating hazardous waste is fundamental.

The Washington State Department of Ecology, under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and the Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA, Chapter 70.105D RCW), establishes regulations for the management of hazardous waste. A key aspect of these regulations involves the classification of facilities that generate, treat, store, or dispose of hazardous waste. The generator status of a facility is determined by the quantity of hazardous waste it produces per calendar month. Small quantity generators (SQGs) are subject to less stringent requirements than large quantity generators (LQGs). In Washington, a facility is classified as a small quantity generator if it generates more than 100 kilograms but less than 1,000 kilograms of hazardous waste per month, or if it accumulates more than 1 kilogram of acutely hazardous waste per month. A conditionally exempt small quantity generator (CESQG) generates 100 kilograms or less of hazardous waste per month, or accumulates no more than 1 kilogram of acutely hazardous waste per month. Large quantity generators are those that generate 1,000 kilograms or more of hazardous waste per month, or accumulate more than 1 kilogram of acutely hazardous waste per month. The scenario describes a facility that consistently generates 800 kilograms of hazardous waste per month and 0.5 kilograms of acutely hazardous waste per month. Based on these quantities, the facility falls into the category of a small quantity generator for hazardous waste and a conditionally exempt small quantity generator for acutely hazardous waste. However, when determining a facility’s overall generator status, the most stringent classification applies if different waste streams fall into different categories. In this case, the 800 kg of hazardous waste places it firmly in the SQG category. The presence of acutely hazardous waste below the SQG threshold for that specific category does not elevate its status to LQG. Therefore, the facility is considered a small quantity generator.

The Washington State Department of Ecology, under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70A.300), establishes stringent requirements for the management of hazardous waste. A key aspect of this regulation involves the proper characterization and management of waste materials to prevent harm to human health and the environment. When a generator determines that a waste exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste, such as corrosivity, ignitability, reactivity, or toxicity, they must manage it accordingly. The toxicity characteristic is determined through specific testing methodologies, like the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), which simulates landfill conditions. If a waste leaches certain constituents above regulatory thresholds, it is classified as toxic hazardous waste. In Washington, this classification triggers specific management standards, including those related to storage, treatment, and disposal. For a waste to be considered non-hazardous for disposal in a municipal solid waste landfill, it must not exhibit any hazardous characteristics and must not be listed as a hazardous waste. The scenario describes a waste that, after thorough analysis, does not exhibit any of the four hazardous characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity) and is not a listed hazardous waste under Washington’s regulations, which are largely aligned with federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. Therefore, it can be managed as a non-hazardous industrial waste. The concept of “derived-from” and “mixture” rules, which apply to wastes that are mixtures of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes, or residues from the treatment of hazardous wastes, are not applicable here because the waste itself, in its current form, has been determined to be non-hazardous through testing and review.

Washington’s Hazardous Waste Management Act (HWMA), codified in Revised Code of Washington (RCW) Chapter 70.105, establishes a comprehensive framework for the management of hazardous waste. The Act grants the Department of Ecology the authority to implement regulations that align with federal standards under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) while also addressing state-specific concerns. A key aspect of this framework is the identification and management of “used oil.” Under Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303-090, used oil is specifically regulated as a hazardous waste if it exhibits certain characteristics or is mixed with listed hazardous wastes. However, the HWMA also provides exemptions or specific management standards for certain categories of used oil to facilitate its recycling and beneficial reuse. The question revolves around understanding the specific regulatory status of used oil that is collected from sources that do not generate listed hazardous wastes, but which itself exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste, such as ignitability. In such a scenario, the used oil, despite its source not being a listed hazardous waste generator, becomes subject to hazardous waste regulations due to its characteristic. The critical distinction is that the *waste itself* must meet the definition of hazardous waste, irrespective of the generator’s primary classification, if it exhibits a characteristic. Therefore, used oil exhibiting a characteristic of hazardous waste, even if from a non-listed generator, is regulated as hazardous waste under Washington law, unless a specific exemption applies to the management method, such as recycling under specific conditions that do not involve mixing with listed hazardous wastes or improper disposal.

The Washington State Department of Ecology’s Hazardous Waste regulations, specifically under Chapter 173-303 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC), define the criteria for classifying wastes as hazardous. A waste is considered hazardous if it exhibits one or more characteristics of hazardous waste (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity) or if it is listed as a hazardous waste. The toxicity characteristic is determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), outlined in WAC 173-303-110(3)(c). If the leachate from a waste sample, when tested using TCLP, exceeds regulatory thresholds for specific contaminants, the waste is classified as toxic hazardous waste. For the purpose of this question, we are evaluating a hypothetical waste stream from a metal finishing facility in Spokane, Washington. The TCLP analysis for this waste stream revealed a concentration of lead in the leachate of 12 mg/L. According to WAC 173-303-090(4)(a)(i), the regulatory threshold for lead under the toxicity characteristic is 5.0 mg/L. Since 12 mg/L is greater than 5.0 mg/L, this waste exhibits the toxicity characteristic and is therefore a hazardous waste in Washington State. The facility must manage this waste according to the requirements for hazardous waste generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs) as stipulated in Chapter 173-303 WAC. This includes proper identification, labeling, accumulation, manifesting, and disposal at a permitted facility. The question tests the understanding of how a specific contaminant concentration in a TCLP leachate triggers hazardous waste classification under Washington State’s regulations, referencing the specific threshold for lead.

Washington’s Hazardous Waste Management Act (HWMA), codified in Revised Code of Washington (RCW) Chapter 70A.300, establishes a comprehensive framework for the management of hazardous waste. A key aspect of this act is the distinction between hazardous waste and dangerous waste. While often used interchangeably in common parlance, the legal definitions and regulatory implications can differ. Under RCW 70A.300.020, “hazardous waste” is defined broadly, but the regulations promulgated by the Washington State Department of Ecology, specifically Chapter 173-303 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC), provide the detailed criteria for classifying wastes as dangerous. WAC 173-303-070 outlines the characteristics and lists that define dangerous wastes, including those that are toxic, corrosive, ignitable, or reactive, as well as listed wastes from specific industrial processes. The generator’s responsibility to correctly identify and manage these wastes is paramount. Failure to do so can result in significant penalties. The question probes the understanding of the regulatory basis for classifying wastes as dangerous in Washington State, which is primarily found within the WAC, even though the overarching legislative authority stems from the RCW. The distinction is crucial for determining applicable management standards, permitting requirements, and disposal obligations. Therefore, while the RCW provides the statutory authority, the WAC provides the detailed, actionable classification criteria that regulated entities must follow.

Washington State’s Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70A.303) and its implementing regulations (Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code) establish a comprehensive framework for managing hazardous waste. A key aspect of this framework is the definition and management of hazardous waste, which includes identifying wastes that are listed or exhibit characteristics of hazardous waste. When a waste is not specifically listed, its hazardous nature is determined by its characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. The toxicity characteristic is assessed through the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), as outlined in federal regulations incorporated by reference and potentially supplemented by state-specific criteria. If a waste fails the TCLP for any of the specified constituents above regulatory thresholds, it is classified as a hazardous waste. This classification triggers a cascade of regulatory requirements for generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs), including manifesting, record-keeping, and proper disposal methods. The purpose is to protect human health and the environment from the adverse effects of hazardous waste. The scenario presented involves a waste stream that does not appear on the state’s listed hazardous wastes. Therefore, the determination of its hazardous nature hinges on whether it exhibits any of the four characteristics. Without specific information about the waste’s properties, it cannot be definitively classified as hazardous. However, the question asks about the *process* of determining if a waste is hazardous when it’s not listed. This process involves testing for the characteristics.

The Washington State Department of Ecology, under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC), regulates hazardous waste management. When a generator determines that a waste is hazardous, they must obtain an EPA identification number. This identification number is crucial for tracking hazardous waste from its point of generation to its final disposal. Generators are classified based on the quantity of hazardous waste they produce per month. These classifications, such as small quantity generators (SQGs) and large quantity generators (LQGs), dictate the specific management standards they must follow, including storage limits, personnel training, contingency planning, and reporting requirements. A generator who has never produced hazardous waste, or who produces less than 1,000 kilograms of hazardous waste in a calendar month, and less than 1 kilogram of acute hazardous waste in a calendar month, is not considered a generator for the purposes of obtaining an EPA ID number or complying with LQG or SQG requirements. However, they still have responsibilities to properly manage any waste they produce, even if it doesn’t meet the threshold for hazardous waste generator status. The core principle is that any entity managing hazardous waste must be identifiable and accountable within the regulatory framework. Therefore, the initial step for any entity that has determined it generates hazardous waste is to secure the necessary identification number from the Environmental Protection Agency, which is then used for all subsequent hazardous waste activities and reporting in Washington State.

The Washington State Department of Ecology defines a “generator” of hazardous waste based on the quantity of hazardous waste produced per month. Under Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303-070, generators are categorized into three main types: Very Small Quantity Generators (VSQGs), Small Quantity Generators (SQGs), and Large Quantity Generators (LQGs). VSQGs generate 100 kilograms or less of hazardous waste per month, or 1 kilogram or less of acutely hazardous waste per month. SQGs generate more than 100 kilograms but less than 1,000 kilograms of hazardous waste per month. LQGs generate 1,000 kilograms or more of hazardous waste per month. The scenario describes a facility that generates 950 kilograms of hazardous waste in one month and 1,100 kilograms in the subsequent month. The classification as a generator is determined by the highest category met in any given month. Therefore, since the facility generated 1,100 kilograms in the second month, it meets the threshold for a Large Quantity Generator. This classification dictates specific management, accumulation, and reporting requirements under Washington’s hazardous waste regulations. The question tests the understanding of these quantity-based thresholds for generator status.

Washington’s Hazardous Waste Management Act (HWMA), codified in Chapter 70.105 RCW, and its implementing regulations under Chapter 173-303 WAC, establish a comprehensive framework for managing hazardous waste. A key aspect of this framework is the definition and management of “used oil,” which is specifically addressed to encourage its recycling and prevent improper disposal. Under WAC 173-303-040, “used oil” is defined, and its management as a hazardous waste depends on its characteristics and the presence of certain listed hazardous constituents. Specifically, used oil that is mixed with a listed hazardous waste or exhibits a hazardous characteristic (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity) is managed as a hazardous waste. However, used oil that is not mixed with a listed hazardous waste and does not exhibit a hazardous characteristic is subject to specific management standards for recycled used oil, which are generally less stringent than those for hazardous waste, provided it meets certain criteria and is managed in accordance with the regulations to facilitate recycling. The intent is to promote the beneficial reuse of used oil while ensuring environmental protection. Therefore, the determination of whether used oil requires management as a hazardous waste hinges on its composition and properties as defined by the WAC, not solely on its origin as used oil.

The Washington State Department of Ecology’s Hazardous Waste regulations, primarily found in Chapter 173-303 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC), define what constitutes a hazardous waste. This definition is critical for determining regulatory applicability. A waste is classified as hazardous in Washington if it meets any of the following criteria: 1) it is listed in WAC 173-303-081 through 173-303-083 (listed wastes), or 2) it exhibits at least one hazardous characteristic as defined in WAC 173-303-090 (characteristic wastes). The listed wastes include specific industrial process wastes, discarded commercial chemical products, and wastes from specific sources. Characteristic wastes are those that are ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic, as determined by specific testing procedures or knowledge of the waste. Furthermore, Washington has its own state-specific hazardous waste listings and criteria that may be more stringent than federal regulations. Therefore, a waste generator in Washington must first consult the WAC to determine if their waste is specifically listed or if it exhibits any of the defined hazardous characteristics. The absence of a specific listing does not exempt a waste from regulation if it possesses a hazardous characteristic.

The Washington State Department of Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Regulations, specifically Chapter 173-303 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC), outlines the requirements for managing hazardous waste. A key aspect is the identification and management of wastes that exhibit certain characteristics or are listed as hazardous. WAC 173-303-070 details the criteria for classifying wastes as hazardous. This classification is crucial for determining the applicable management standards, including storage, treatment, and disposal requirements. The regulations provide specific tests and criteria to assess characteristics such as ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. For toxicity, the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) is a standard method used to determine if a waste is hazardous due to the potential for certain toxic constituents to leach into groundwater. If a waste fails the TCLP for any of the regulated constituents, it is classified as a toxic hazardous waste. Furthermore, WAC 173-303-070(5) specifies that if a waste is determined to be hazardous by any of the criteria, it must be managed in accordance with the state’s hazardous waste program. The designation of a waste as “dangerous” in Washington is equivalent to “hazardous” under federal RCRA regulations, and the state program is authorized to implement these requirements. Therefore, a waste exhibiting the characteristic of toxicity, as determined by TCLP analysis, is classified as a dangerous waste in Washington and must be managed accordingly.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) regulates hazardous waste management under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and its associated regulations, Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). This chapter establishes requirements for identifying, managing, and disposing of hazardous waste. When a facility generates a waste that is not explicitly listed as hazardous in WAC 173-303-070 through WAC 173-303-090, it must determine if the waste exhibits any of the hazardous characteristics defined in WAC 173-303-110. These characteristics are ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. The toxicity characteristic is determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), which simulates the leaching of constituents from a waste under landfill conditions. If the TCLP extract from a waste contains any of the regulated constituents at or above the specified regulatory levels, the waste is classified as toxic hazardous waste. For example, if a waste material, when subjected to the TCLP test, yields an extract with a lead concentration exceeding 5.0 mg/L, it would be classified as a toxic hazardous waste due to the toxicity characteristic. This classification mandates specific management standards, including proper storage, labeling, manifesting, transportation, and disposal at a permitted hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facility. Failure to correctly classify and manage such a waste can result in significant penalties.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) regulates hazardous waste management under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (Chapter 70.105 RCW) and the associated regulations found in Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). This chapter outlines the requirements for identifying, managing, and disposing of hazardous waste within the state. A key aspect of these regulations is the classification of wastes. Wastes can be classified as dangerous wastes, extremely hazardous wastes, or not classified as hazardous. The WAC 173-303-070 provides specific criteria for classifying wastes, including characteristics such as ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity, as well as listed wastes. When a generator is unsure if a waste is hazardous, they have the responsibility to determine its classification. This determination involves reviewing the waste’s properties against the criteria in WAC 173-303-070. If a waste exhibits any of the dangerous waste characteristics or is a listed dangerous waste, it must be managed according to the state’s hazardous waste regulations. The generator is obligated to make this determination and maintain records of their findings. Failure to properly classify and manage hazardous waste can result in significant penalties. The scenario presented describes a waste stream generated from a metal finishing process that is exhibiting corrosive properties, specifically a pH of 1.5. According to WAC 173-303-070(4)(a)(i), a waste is classified as a dangerous waste if it exhibits the characteristic of corrosivity, which includes having a pH less than or equal to 2.0. Since the waste has a pH of 1.5, it meets this criterion. Therefore, it is classified as a dangerous waste.

The Washington State Department of Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Regulations, specifically Chapter 173-303 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC), govern the management of hazardous waste. This regulation defines hazardous waste and establishes requirements for generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs). When a facility generates a waste that exhibits characteristics of hazardous waste, such as ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity, or is listed as a hazardous waste by the department, it must be managed according to these regulations. The generator is responsible for determining if their waste is hazardous. This determination involves evaluating the waste against the criteria outlined in WAC 173-303-070 through 173-303-100. If a waste is determined to be hazardous, the generator must obtain an EPA identification number, comply with accumulation time limits, use proper containers and labeling, prepare manifests for off-site shipment, and meet record-keeping and reporting requirements. The scenario describes a facility in Washington State that has produced a waste stream. The initial step in managing this waste under Washington’s Hazardous Waste Law is for the facility to accurately characterize it. This characterization is crucial for determining if the waste meets the definition of hazardous waste as defined by the Washington State Department of Ecology. Without proper characterization, the facility cannot correctly apply the subsequent management requirements, such as manifesting, containerization, and disposal facility selection. Therefore, the foundational and mandatory first step for any generator in Washington State when faced with a new waste stream is to perform this hazardous waste characterization.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) regulates hazardous waste management under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and the associated administrative rules, Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). This chapter defines hazardous waste, establishes generator requirements, transporter requirements, and treatment, storage, and disposal facility (TSDF) standards. A key aspect of these regulations is the management of waste that exhibits hazardous characteristics or is listed as hazardous. For wastes that are not specifically listed but exhibit a characteristic of hazardous waste (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity), generators must determine if their waste meets the criteria for a characteristic hazardous waste. If a waste is determined to be hazardous, the generator must comply with specific management standards based on the quantity of hazardous waste generated per month. For example, small quantity generators have different requirements than large quantity generators. The regulations also address the management of discarded commercial chemical products. If a discarded commercial chemical product, if unused, would be a hazardous waste, then that discarded product is a hazardous waste. This principle applies to unused commercial chemical products that are considered acutely hazardous waste or toxic waste. The scenario presented involves a chemical product that, when unused, is classified as a toxic hazardous waste under WAC 173-303. When this chemical is discarded, it retains its hazardous properties. Therefore, it must be managed as a hazardous waste from the point of generation, adhering to all applicable regulations for its storage, transportation, and ultimate disposal or treatment. The generator’s responsibility includes proper identification, labeling, accumulation, and ensuring it is sent to a permitted facility.

Washington State’s Hazardous Waste Management Act, specifically under Chapter 70.105 RCW and its implementing regulations in Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC), establishes a framework for managing hazardous wastes. A critical aspect of this framework is the definition and classification of hazardous wastes. WAC 173-303-070 outlines the criteria for designating a waste as hazardous. This designation can occur through several pathways: being listed as a hazardous waste, exhibiting characteristics of hazardous waste, or being designated as a dangerous waste by the department. The characteristics of hazardous waste, as defined in WAC 173-303-090, include ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. The toxicity characteristic is determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), which simulates landfill conditions to assess the potential for hazardous constituents to leach into groundwater. If a waste fails the TCLP test for specific constituents above regulatory thresholds, it is classified as a hazardous waste. Furthermore, WAC 173-303-072 details the criteria for classifying wastes as dangerous or extremely hazardous. The specific thresholds for toxicity are established for various constituents. For example, the regulatory level for lead under the toxicity characteristic is 5.0 mg/L. If a waste, when subjected to the TCLP, yields a leachate concentration of lead greater than 5.0 mg/L, it is considered to exhibit the toxicity characteristic for lead. This designation triggers management requirements under the hazardous waste regulations. The question tests the understanding of how a waste is classified as hazardous based on its characteristics, specifically the toxicity characteristic and the regulatory threshold for a common contaminant. The calculation involves comparing the TCLP result for lead to the established regulatory limit. \( \text{TCLP result for lead} = 6.2 \, \text{mg/L} \) \( \text{Regulatory limit for lead} = 5.0 \, \text{mg/L} \) Since \( 6.2 \, \text{mg/L} > 5.0 \, \text{mg/L} \), the waste exhibits the toxicity characteristic for lead and is therefore classified as a hazardous waste under Washington State regulations.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) regulates hazardous waste management under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and Chapter 173-303 of the Washington Administrative Code (WWC). This chapter establishes criteria for identifying hazardous wastes and sets forth requirements for generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs). A key aspect of these regulations is the classification of wastes, which determines the stringency of management requirements. Wastes can be classified as hazardous based on specific characteristics (e.g., ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity) or if they are listed as hazardous by Ecology. The identification of a waste as hazardous triggers specific management standards, including requirements for notification, record-keeping, container management, labeling, and emergency preparedness. For wastes that are hazardous due to their characteristics, the generator must determine if the waste exhibits any of the defined characteristics. If it does, it is classified as hazardous. For listed wastes, the generator must determine if their waste stream matches any of the descriptions of listed hazardous wastes. The intent of WWC 173-303 is to ensure that hazardous wastes are managed in a manner that protects human health and the environment from the potential risks associated with these materials. The classification process is fundamental to the entire hazardous waste regulatory framework in Washington State.

The Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303, specifically concerning the identification and management of dangerous wastes, outlines criteria for classifying wastes. When a generator produces a waste that is not specifically listed as dangerous, they must evaluate it against the characteristics of dangerous waste. These characteristics are ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. For toxicity, WAC 173-303-110 details the toxicity characteristic, which is determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). If a waste, when subjected to the TCLP, leaches specific contaminants at concentrations exceeding regulatory thresholds, it is classified as toxic. In this scenario, the laboratory analysis via TCLP for the unknown waste from the manufacturing process revealed lead at a concentration of 15 mg/L. The regulatory threshold for lead under the toxicity characteristic in Washington State is 5 mg/L. Since the leached concentration of lead (15 mg/L) exceeds the regulatory threshold (5 mg/L), the waste is classified as a dangerous waste due to the toxicity characteristic. Therefore, the generator must manage this waste in accordance with the regulations for dangerous wastes, including proper storage, labeling, manifesting, and disposal at a permitted facility. The key principle here is the generator’s responsibility to determine if their waste is dangerous, which involves testing when the waste is not a listed waste. The TCLP is the prescribed method for evaluating the toxicity characteristic.

Washington State’s Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70A.300) and its corresponding regulations, Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC), establish a comprehensive framework for managing hazardous waste. A critical aspect of this framework is the identification and management of wastes that are both listed as hazardous and exhibit hazardous characteristics. When a waste meets the criteria for being listed as hazardous (e.g., U-listed, P-listed, K-listed, or F-listed wastes under federal regulations incorporated by reference) and also exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity), it is considered a hazardous waste. The generator is responsible for determining if their waste is hazardous. This determination involves consulting the Washington State Hazardous Waste regulations, specifically WAC 173-303, which often aligns with federal definitions but may have state-specific nuances. For instance, WAC 173-303-080 outlines the criteria for classifying wastes as dangerous wastes. If a waste is identified as a listed dangerous waste and also exhibits a dangerous characteristic, it must be managed according to the stringent requirements for dangerous wastes, including proper storage, labeling, manifesting, and disposal at a permitted facility. The key is that a waste does not need to meet *all* criteria to be hazardous; meeting *any* of the criteria (listed or characteristic) is sufficient. The question posits a scenario where a waste is identified as an F-listed waste (a federal listing commonly adopted by states) and also exhibits the characteristic of toxicity as defined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Since the waste is both listed and exhibits a characteristic, it is unequivocally a dangerous waste under Washington State regulations. The management requirements then follow from this classification.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) oversees the regulation of hazardous waste management under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (RCW 70.105) and its corresponding administrative rules, Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). This regulatory framework establishes stringent requirements for the identification, generation, storage, treatment, transportation, and disposal of hazardous waste. A key aspect of this regulation involves the classification and management of wastes that exhibit specific characteristics of hazardousness or are listed as hazardous. WAC 173-303-070 outlines the criteria for determining if a waste is hazardous, which includes characteristic wastes (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity) and listed wastes. For a waste to be managed as a hazardous waste, it must meet at least one of these criteria. If a waste is determined to be hazardous, it then falls under the comprehensive management requirements of Chapter 173-303 WAC, including obtaining an EPA identification number, manifesting shipments, and adhering to specific treatment, storage, and disposal facility (TSDF) standards. The question assesses the understanding of when a waste is definitively classified as hazardous under Washington State law, requiring the generator to manage it accordingly, even if it’s not explicitly listed by a federal agency like the EPA, as Washington’s regulations can be more stringent and encompass state-specific classifications. Therefore, a waste that meets the criteria for toxicity characteristic as defined in WAC 173-303-110, regardless of federal listing, must be managed as hazardous waste in Washington.

The Washington State Department of Ecology defines a characteristic hazardous waste as one exhibiting at least one of four characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) is a regulatory test used to determine if a solid waste is hazardous due to toxicity. If the leachate from a waste sample, when tested using TCLP, contains any of the specified contaminants at concentrations equal to or exceeding the regulatory levels, the waste is classified as a toxic hazardous waste. For the purpose of this question, we are considering a waste that, when subjected to the TCLP, yields a leachate with a concentration of arsenic at 6.5 mg/L. The regulatory limit for arsenic under the Toxicity Characteristic in the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303-090, which references federal regulations, is 5.0 mg/L. Since 6.5 mg/L is greater than 5.0 mg/L, the waste exhibits the toxicity characteristic. This classification triggers the requirements for hazardous waste management under Chapter 173-303 WAC, including proper storage, transportation, treatment, and disposal. The management standards are designed to protect human health and the environment from the potential risks associated with toxic constituents. Therefore, the waste is considered hazardous due to its arsenic concentration exceeding the TCLP threshold.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) regulates hazardous waste management under the authority of the Hazardous Waste Management Act (Chapter 70.105 RCW) and the Model Toxics Control Act (Chapter 70.105D RCW), which are further detailed in Chapter 173-303 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). This chapter outlines the requirements for identifying, managing, and disposing of hazardous wastes. A key aspect of this regulation is the classification of wastes. Wastes are characterized as hazardous if they exhibit certain characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity) or are specifically listed by Ecology as hazardous. The management standards, including storage, treatment, and disposal, vary depending on the waste classification and the generator’s status (e.g., large quantity generator, small quantity generator, very small quantity generator). The specific WAC section relevant to waste classification and characteristic determination is WAC 173-303-110. This section details the criteria for defining hazardous wastes, including the characteristic wastes. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) is a standard method used to determine if a waste exhibits the toxicity characteristic. If the leachate from a waste sample, when tested using TCLP, contains any of the regulated constituents at or above the specified regulatory levels, the waste is classified as a toxic hazardous waste. Washington State adopts by reference federal regulations for hazardous waste management, primarily found in Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 261, with state-specific modifications and additions. Therefore, understanding the criteria for characteristic hazardous wastes, as defined in both federal and state regulations, is fundamental to proper hazardous waste management in Washington.

The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) has specific requirements for the management of hazardous waste. Under the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303, facilities that generate, store, treat, or dispose of hazardous waste must comply with stringent regulations. One critical aspect is the proper identification and classification of waste streams. A generator is responsible for determining if their waste is hazardous. This determination involves consulting the Washington State Hazardous Waste Regulations, which incorporate by reference federal regulations from the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and add state-specific requirements. The process typically involves checking if the waste is specifically listed as hazardous or if it exhibits hazardous characteristics such as ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. If a waste exhibits any of these characteristics or is listed, it is classified as hazardous waste. Generators must then manage this waste according to the generator category requirements, which are based on the quantity of hazardous waste produced per month. The question asks about the responsibility of a facility that generates waste that exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste, as defined in WAC 173-303. This means the facility must manage the waste as hazardous, regardless of whether it is specifically listed. The core principle is that the generator has the initial burden of accurately characterizing their waste. Therefore, the facility must immediately manage the waste in accordance with the applicable hazardous waste regulations.

Washington State’s Hazardous Waste regulations, primarily governed by the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) Chapter 173-303, define criteria for identifying hazardous waste. This chapter outlines characteristics and lists of hazardous wastes. Characteristic wastes are identified by exhibiting one or more of the following properties: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. The toxicity characteristic is determined through the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), as described in WAC 173-303-110. If a waste exhibits any of these characteristics or is specifically listed as hazardous, it is subject to regulation under the state’s hazardous waste program, which aligns with federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements. The determination of whether a waste is hazardous is a critical first step in managing it properly, dictating storage, transportation, treatment, and disposal requirements. The state may also designate wastes as dangerous based on criteria beyond federal RCRA, reflecting specific state environmental concerns.