Rylands v. Fletcher [1868]
(1868) LR 3 HL 330 · House of Lords · United Kingdom
Issue
Can liability attach without negligence for escape of dangerous things?
Held
Yes, under the rule for non-natural use and escape.
Exam use
Review the ratio and reasoning before applying this case in problem questions.
Summary
Classic strict liability tort case.
Facts
Issue
Can liability attach without negligence for escape of dangerous things?
Held
Yes, under the rule for non-natural use and escape.
Ratio Decidendi
Strict liability may apply for escape of dangerous things from non-natural land use.
Reasoning
Essay-Ready Explanation Generator
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Reference to Rylands v. Fletcher ((1868) LR 3 HL 330) strengthens a tort law answer because the case reflects the principle that Strict liability may apply for escape of dangerous things from non-natural land use. Applied to a problem question, the case should be used after identifying the issue as Can liability attach without negligence for escape of dangerous things? The stronger essay move is to connect the material facts to the court's holding, then explain whether the present facts support the same conclusion or justify distinguishing the authority.
Significance
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Exam Tips
Revision Checklist
- Name the issue before discussing facts so the marker sees the legal question immediately.
- State the holding in one sentence, then use the ratio to explain why the court reached that result.
- Use the citation and jurisdiction to show why this authority matters for the problem you are answering.
- Pair this case with one supporting or contrasting authority if the question tests limits, policy, or exceptions.